EICR vs PAT Testing: What Is the Difference?

What an EICR covers

An EICR inspects and tests the fixed electrical installation: the consumer unit (fuse box), the wiring, sockets, switches, light fittings and anything else permanently connected. It is carried out to BS 7671 and results in a satisfactory or unsatisfactory report.

What PAT testing covers

PAT (portable appliance testing) checks electrical items that plug into a socket, such as kettles, toasters, washing machines, lamps and extension leads. Each appliance is inspected and tested, and usually given a pass or fail label.

Which one do landlords need?

Private landlords in England are legally required to have an EICR at least every five years. PAT testing is not a specific legal requirement in private rented homes, but landlords must ensure any appliances they supply are safe, and government guidance recommends PAT testing as a good way to show this.

Appliances that belong to the tenant are their responsibility, not the landlord's.

Quick comparison

• EICR: fixed wiring and installation; legally required for landlords every 5 years
• PAT: plug-in appliances supplied with the property; recommended, not mandatory
• Furnished lets and HMOs benefit most from having both